Author:
Sergey D. Bodrunov
S. Y. Witte Institute for New Industrial Development (St. Petersburg, Russia)
Abstract:
This article continues the study of labor migration as a development indicator of the political-economic category of "labor" within the theory of noonomy. While previous work expanded this thesis regarding the spatial movement of the workforce, the current study shifts its focus to employment mediated by digital technologies, i. e. digital employment. Neither the commonplace fact of remote work nor the platform shell itself constitutes the subject of this analysis. The true significance of the phenomena under consideration is revealed where the very paradigm of organizing human activity changes: the labor function detaches from its former local-reproductive form and transitions into a state of project-based participation and creative responsibility for results. According to the theory of noonomy, it is this shift – from vitally conditioned reproductive labor to the "labor of freedom", acquiring the nature of a noowant and a means of personal self-actualization – that constitutes the essential content of the nootransition. Through the prism of the nootransition, dual migration – both functional and spatial – appears as concrete historical evidence of the aromorphosis of labor. This represents a logical stage in the changing nature of labor activity, driven by the increasing knowledge-intensity of production, the preemptive replacement of standardized operations with NBICS-convergence technologies and artificial intelligence, and the gradual exit of humans from the dominant production system during the movement from NIS.2 toward a noosociety. The penetration of new technological solutions into formerly reproductive practices and the readiness of the production environment (its potential to perceive these solutions) are examined as interconnected characteristics of the emergence of a new type of activity, with the knowledge-intensive labor of the digital era serving as its transitional form.
Keywords: noonomy; nootransition; knowledge-intensive production; NIS.2; dual labor migration; aromorphosis of labor; readiness; penetration; labor of freedom; noowants; NBICS-convergence.
For citation: Bodrunov S. D. (2026). DDigital Employment and Dual Labor Migration in the Nootransition Process: From Reproductive Content to the Creative Nature of the Category of “Labor”. Noonomy and Noosociety. Almanac of Scientific Works of the S.Y. Witte INID, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 9–21. DOI: 10.37930/2782-6465-2026-5-1-9-21